GENEVA, Switzerland — United Nations human rights experts have condemned what they describe as widespread, systematic and lethal repression in Tanzania following the country’s October 29 general election, warning that hundreds—possibly thousands—may have been killed in a sweeping state crackdown.
In a statement on Thursday, the experts cited “deeply disturbing” allegations of extrajudicial executions, enforced disappearances, mass detentions, and a five-day digital blackout that crippled communication across the country.
According to the UN team, at least 700 people are believed to have been killed in the aftermath of the disputed vote, with some estimates suggesting the death toll may be significantly higher.
Reports have also emerged of bodies vanishing from morgues, suspected mass graves, and the incineration of human remains—incidents the experts said require urgent international scrutiny.
Opposition Barred, Protesters Shot Under Curfew
The October polls were held under “long-standing concerns” about political repression, including the detention or disappearance of opposition leaders and legislative changes that weakened electoral fairness.
Candidates from the country’s two main opposition parties were either blocked from running or detained ahead of voting day.
When youth-led demonstrations erupted after the results, security forces—including military units—allegedly responded with immediate live fire.
The experts said they had received credible accounts that security personnel received “shoot to kill” orders during an enforced nighttime curfew.
Family members who managed to retrieve the bodies of relatives were reportedly compelled to sign false statements about the cause of death.
Mass Arrests, Treason Charges and Use of Nolle Prosequi
More than 1,700 people, including opposition leaders, activists and human rights defenders, were arrested in sweeping operations across the country, the UN said.
Many now face serious charges such as treason, conspiracy and armed robbery.
The experts expressed concern over the use of nolle prosequi by the Directorate of Public Prosecutions, warning that it could obstruct due process and shield abuses from judicial review.
Internet Shutdown and Transnational Surveillance
A complete internet shutdown between October 29 and November 3 further worsened the crisis, blocking journalists and rights groups from documenting violations and leaving citizens cut off from the outside world.
The UN experts also raised alarm over reports of transnational repression, including surveillance of Tanzanian activists and civil society groups operating in neighbouring countries.
Call for Independent Investigation Ahead of New Protests
Tanzania has since established a commission of inquiry to examine the causes of the unrest.
The UN experts said the body must operate independently and ensure accountability, reparations and full participation of victims and civil society.
They urged the government to launch a “prompt, impartial and effective” investigation into all killings, disappearances and other abuses—and to prevent further violations ahead of planned nationwide protests on December 9.
The experts said they remain in communication with the Tanzanian authorities and are ready to offer technical support.
