DAR ES SALAAM, Tanzania — The African Union Election Observation Mission (AUEOM) has called for urgent constitutional and political reforms in Tanzania following what it described as a deeply flawed general election on October 29, 2025, marred by violence, suppression of opposition voices, and an internet shutdown that obstructed transparency.
Led by former Botswana President Mokgweetsi E.K. Masisi, the AU mission deployed 72 observers across 17 regions in mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar.
In its preliminary statement issued on November 5, the Mission concluded that the polls “did not comply with AU principles, normative frameworks, and international obligations for democratic elections.”
The Mission cited the arrest of opposition leaders, the boycott by CHADEMA, and the disqualification of ACT-Wazalendo’s presidential candidate as factors that eroded electoral competitiveness.
“Regular elections without genuine competition and adherence to democratic principles result in voter apathy and disengagement,” the report noted.
While commending logistical preparations and limited efforts to promote women’s and youth participation, AUEOM said the environment was neither peaceful nor conducive to free expression. Observers documented incidents of ballot stuffing, restricted access for monitors, and violent post-election protests that led to several deaths and property destruction.
The AU mission also raised concern over the six-day internet blackout during and after voting, saying it “hindered citizens’ access to information and limited observers’ ability to report on crucial election activities.” It further highlighted the unequal access to public media, noting a discernible bias in favour of the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party.
The Mission urged President Samia Suluhu Hassan’s administration to undertake reforms that would strengthen the independence of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC).
Key among its recommendations are amending Article 41(7) of the Constitution to allow presidential election results to be challenged in court, revising Article 39(1) to permit independent candidates, and establishing an independent body to appoint election commissioners.
AUEOM also expressed concern over alleged police brutality and politically motivated abductions. It urged Tanzanian security forces to exercise restraint and respect human rights. “The Mission regrets the loss of lives following election day protests and extends heartfelt condolences to the bereaved families,” Masisi said.
The report follows mounting criticism from regional blocs, including the Southern African Development Community (SADC), whose observer mission also found that the election “fell short of democratic standards.” SADC cited intimidation of opposition figures, media restrictions, and the exclusion of observers in key polling areas.
Tanzania’s electoral credibility has been under scrutiny since President Suluhu won re-election with 98% of the vote, a result opposition groups dismissed as illegitimate.
The AU Mission emphasized that future elections must be underpinned by transparent, inclusive, and accountable governance to prevent recurring crises.
The final AU report, with detailed recommendations and findings, will be published within two months.
